族語介紹( Patas Truku)
Nii o pgkla quri lubug hnici rudan sbiyaw seejiq tnpusu Taywang, duri ni
empgkla ta dha klgan pusu lubug seejiq Truku: Lubug qawqaw ni Tatuk.Lubug dnii o aji wana pusu bi pgkla kndsan seejiq Truku, rinah niqan lala bi knkla kndsan na ni plnglung balay endaan seejiq Truku.
Pnrjingan, empgkla ta Lubug qawqaw. Lubug qawqaw o kingal waqit lubug
ksun, hbaraw bi ka dmuuy mniq knkingal mtqiri paru alang babaw dxgal, uuda
phnang niya o mndka balay.Hnang lubug qawqaw o powda waqit lubug ni quwaq phnang, kiya ni yaasa ini pndka ka knkingal nniqan alang ni klgan seejiq, lubug qawqaw o djiyun qngqaya, hnigan,smalu ni lubung niya ini bi pndka uri.Qawqaw ksun niqan bi hangan na, ga nniqan ska seejiq tnpusu Taywag o seejiq Ttuku, seejiq Tayal ni seediq.
Rhuq tnunan ubung dnii,seejiq Truku o niqan kingal qnqaya ubung rudan sbiyaw,ubung ksun,ubung nii o pntngahan 腰式水平織布機.Ubung nii o kska pusu bi mseusa seejiq Truku,ptlutut knxalan hici,kiya ni niqan bi brihan quri smmalu cinun qabang.
Qaqaw Truku o pusu snalu dnguun djima,xiluy embanah ni gasil
bkraw,smmalu siida bnegbaw ta ka kulaw djima ni pnseedal waqit lubug xiluy
embanah,aji uri o ruwan djima o empeanak ni hnlpisan ta kika mtduwa
lmglug.Qawqaw Truku hnigan na o mrduung smka ni kmbragan na o yaa bi maxal dha snkukuh.Tnunan qawqaw o djima ni waqit lubug,klgan qawqaw Truku o lala bi,kiya o lubug burux,lubug burux xiluy embanah, lubug dha, lubug dha xiluy embanah, lubug spat xiluy embanah ni lubug rima xiluy embanah.Qawqaw Truku o mrana bitaq rima qnawal saw nii psnaki qawqaw klgan seejiq ni elealang o rmabang bi.
Ga mniq ska rudan sbiyaw seejiq Truku tndxgal,ini hmut sdlih ka risaw ni
wauwa,kiya ni ini tduwa pgkla smkuxul dha.Kiya do qawqaw o pusu bi qnqaya pgkla smkuxal risaw ni wauwa.Qawqaw o aji wana pgkla smkuxul,aji uri lubug o plhlah lnglungan ni miing pkmalu kuxul.Muda mqaras pslian sapah siida qawqaw o ngalan dha mqaras hmrapas ni mrana ssqaras dha.
介紹(English guide)
”Tatuk(a wooden percussion)” is another Taroko musical instrument. Not as popular as ”Lubug”,”Tatuk” is a rather new tradition. Among all the Taroko musical instrument, ”Tatuk” was the onlyone that never appeard in official or private document or literature during Japan Empire’s ruling period. And for effective ruling, the Empire sponsored rather thorough research in indegenous tribes between 1915~1940.
The describtion of ”Tatuk” and ”Tatuk” itself showed up in 1990s’ field investgation conducted by local tribe younger generation. After all, other Taiwan’s indegenous people like Atayal, Saidek, and Ami too have instrument look like ”Tatuk”. It was documented some hunters would use it as message instrument in the mountains. Another document says Taroko people using it to drive birds away from crops field. And it is a beautiful and joyful instrument in parties and gatherings.
The ”tatuk” has four scales: Re, Mi, Sol, and La, and is played by men in a sitting posture and by women in a kneeling position, for their bottoms are pants and skirts. Taroko people make ”Tatuk” with 3 parts: 1 base, 2 sticks, and 4 wooden keys.
To make a ”Tatuk” base, we need a variety of woods, including “sangas (dogwood)”, “rbuqil
(Chinese parasol tree)”, “qulit (Taiwan cypress)”, “prihut (Roxburgh sumac)” and “dgarung
(maple)”. “prihut(Roxburgh sumac)” base makes the crispest sound, while “rbuqil (Chinese parasol
tree)” has the thickest. After drying the wood in a cool place for 3 to 6 months,we will remove the
bark. Before removing, remember check he wood is completely dry,so that the ”Tatuk” is not easy
to deform.
Wooden keys can be made into shapes of equal length or different length. And tuning is completed
mostly in the process of making wooden keys. After the ”Tatuk” makers decided each length of the
keys, they changed the sounds by cutting or rubbing the wood keys down.
迷路的記憶
Tatuk木琴。木琴是太魯閣族的傳統樂器之一。與太魯閣族的其他傳統樂器相比,木琴在日本時期的文獻中幾乎找不到相關記載,因此後人推測木琴可能是少部分太魯閣族的聚落所使用的樂器,有關木琴的文獻幾乎都是近幾十年再田調耆老後的文獻。
木琴是太魯閣族人在深山打獵時用來傳遞訊息的工具,通過不同的敲擊聲響來傳遞不同的信息。隨著時代的變遷,進入農耕時期後,木琴演變成為驅趕
鳥類的工具。木琴也成為呼喚親友相聚、伴隨樂舞的娛樂性樂器。
取之於自然
在製作木琴的過程中,族人會採集各種木材,其中包括sangas(食茱萸)、rbuqil(梧桐樹)、qulit(檜木)、prihut(羅氏鹽膚木)和dgarung(楓木)。在這些木材中,以羅氏鹽膚木製作的木琴打擊聲音最為清脆,而由油桐製作的木琴則聲音最為厚實。採集木材後,族人會將木頭放在陰涼處風乾3到6個月,等木材完全乾燥後,去掉樹皮,才能進行製作,這樣製作出來的木琴才不易變形。
Re、Mi、Sol、La
太魯閣族的木琴配件包括1個底座、2根木棒和4根木頭琴鍵。木頭琴鍵可以製作成等長或長短不一的形狀。太魯閣族的木琴具有Re、Mi、Sol、La四個音階,演奏時,男性通常以盤坐姿勢敲打木琴,而女性則會以跪姿來進行演奏。
透過這些樂器的聲音,我們能夠感受到太魯閣族豐富的文化底蘊與歷史記憶。在現代社會中,這些傳統樂器仍然保留著它們的價值,成為太魯閣族人維繫文化認同的重要象徵。
Tatuk木琴
資料來源機關 台灣太魯閣族語言文化資產教育學會
主題分類
織布
撰寫者
Tapang Cisin、Cimiing Miki
建檔單位
台灣太魯閣族語言文化資產教育學會
參考資料
台灣太魯閣族語言文化資產教育學會
材質
木頭
尺寸
寬35-40cm, 高5-8cm
使用時機
樂器使用
授權狀態
台灣太魯閣族語言文化資產教育學會
本作品已獲得許可CC BY-NC 4.0