族語介紹( Patas Truku)
Sayang o pgkla ta kingal lubug Truku niqan bi endaan rdrudan seuxal-Lubug
spat qnawal. Quri spatas patas ka lubug spat qnawal o ana ini lala bi, lubug spat qnawal o pusu bi stmaan ska knkla kndsan seejiq Truku. Pseanak mkla ka lubug sbiyaw o ini bi pndka ka lubug spat qnawal ni lubug knxalan sayang ksun ni mdka bi pggaluk isil seejiq tnpusu do nii kmpriyux da.Ana saw kiya djiyun ska seejiq Truku ka lubug spat qnawal klaun ta balay miyah pgkla mskuxul ni hmrapas.
Knlangan seejiq Truku sexual asaw mnegaya bi ka rudan sbiyaw, risaw ni
wauwa smkuxul o ini hmut pgkla lnglungan dha, kiya ni dmuuy lubug spat qnawal pgkla lmnglung lnglungan dha ni powda lmbug pgkla mskuxul ni smdamat.Aji wana nii rmuus pgkla lnglungan, djiyun lubug hmrapas ni tqqaras seejiq alang kdjiyax.
Rahuq seejiq Truku ni ga ska seejiq tnpusu Taywang,seejiq Bunun ga spatas
patas dmuuy lubug spat qnawal ni lubug rima qnawal.Pnaah nii klaun ta lubug spat qnawal aji wana kingal klgan seejiq ni ga hnici ska klgan seejiq kana, asaw mtduwa pggaluk knkla kndsan.
Lubug spat qnawal o smluun seejiq Truku asi ka kndungus balay.Prjingan
mgaaw mllngug qcinuh ka dhiya ni dha siyaw qcinuh knkingal kmnhagat tmucing spat smuk,lmutut dmuuy spat qnawal pgdhug kska smuk ni mquri hnang lubug mnsuwil pskrut ni psruhaw priyux ka qnawal ,empdhug malu bi bhangan ka hnang niya.Endaan do dmuuy djima lmglug qnawal,kiya ni mtduwa lmubug spat hnang seejiq Truku Re、Mi、So、La,spat hnang dnii o msleexan ni suyang balay, saw mdka knkla kndsan seejiq Truku lnglungan dha knbalay bi.
Lubug spat qnawal hnang na o embqbuq mhnang ni tggseesu balay,keeman
do msdangi ka risaw ni wauwa mtduwa mniq siyaw tahut ni kkrana qrasun lnglungan dha,seejiq alang o msangay siida mtduwa mqaras.Powda saw nii lmubug aji wana pgkla lnglungan nanak ni pkrana pnegluban kana seejiq. Niqan ka lubug spat qnawal do pgkla endaan ni kmpriyux ka knkla kndsan
seejiq Truku.Lubug nii ana tgbgurah hari,kiya ka kiya ni ga mseupu ska kndsan ni knkla kndsan seejiq Truku,pnskraya mnangal ni mseupu seejiq mniyah,duri ni bbarah pgkla ni empkgburah smmalu knkla kndsan ta Truku nanak.
英文介紹(English guide)
“Lubug spat qnawal” is a four stringes instrument. Although there are not many documents about “lubug spat qnawal”, it has an important place in the Taroko culture. Unlike other traditional instruments, the “lubug spat qnawal” is believed a relatively recent instrument, and may have evolved because of foreign ethnic groups. Noting Bunun people also have documented “Lubug spat qnawal” with four and five-stringed. Meaning that this instrument could be provement of cultural exchange in early days.
The role of “lubug spat qnawal” is a little bit like ”lubug(Jew’s Harp)”. In traditional Taroko society it was not possible for young men and young women to chat or contact directly. “Lubug spat qnawal” too was played for blurry feelings and happy parties.
Taroko people make a “lubug spat qnawal” with much more craft skills. A “lubug spat qnawal” needs certain plank and to drive four nails with equal space in two rows. The four wires are fixed between these nails and need to adjusted carefully to achieve the pitch. Finally, by plucking the strings with bamboo chips, the instrument can be test the four traditional scales of Re, Mi, So, and La. For Taroko people, these four scales are simple and beautiful, and full of connotation.
The appearance of a “lubug spat qnawal” reflects the influence and cultural evolution of the Taroko people in different historical periods. Although relatively new, the instrument is deeply embedded in the life and culture of the Taroko people. It symbolizes the absorption and integration of foreign
cultures, and at the same time a reinterpretation and creation of our culture.
遺失的樂器
關於四弦琴的文獻紀錄雖然並不多,他的文獻在日治時期就有記載。雖然有文獻記載,但四弦琴被認為是比較近代才出現的樂器,推測可能是受到外來族群影響後所演變而來。儘管如此,四弦琴在太魯閣族中的作用卻非常明確,主要是用來傳情達意以及提供娛樂。
在過去的太魯閣族社會,由於傳統習俗的保守,年輕男女之間很難直接表達自己的情感。於是,他們便利用樂器口簧琴及四弦琴來傳遞思慕之情,通過音樂表達內心的愛意與牽掛。除了作為傳情的工具,這些樂器也常常在平日裡被用來作為休閒娛樂的樂器,帶給族人許多歡樂時光。
重拾技藝
除了太魯閣族之外,在台灣的原住民族群中,布農族也有使用四弦琴和五弦琴的文獻記載。這顯示出四弦琴並不是僅限於某一個族群,而是有可能在不同的族群間流傳,成為了一種文化交流的橋梁。
太魯閣族的四弦琴製作過程十分講究。首先,他們會選擇適當的木板,並在木板的兩側釘上兩排各四個等距的釘子。接著,將四條鐵線固定在這些釘子之間,並根據需求調整鐵絲的鬆緊度,以達到理想的音高。最後,使用竹片撥弦,便能演奏出太魯閣族特有的Re、Mi、So、La四個音階。這四個音階既簡單又優美,正如太魯閣族的文化一般,樸實而富有內涵。
走上靈橋
四弦琴的出現,反映了太魯閣族在不同歷史時期所受到的影響與文化的演
變。四弦琴雖然在太魯閣族的歷史中出現較晚,但它承載著的文化意涵,是族
人用來表達情感、傳遞心意的重要工具。它的音符訴說著一個個愛情故事,也
見證著一段段族人的歡樂時光。希望通過今天的介紹,大家能對這件獨特的樂
器有更深入的了解,並感受到太魯閣族文化的多樣性與深厚底蘊。
Lubug spat qnawal四弦琴
資料來源機關 台灣太魯閣族語言文化資產教育學會
主題分類
織布
撰寫者
Tapang Cisin、Cimiing Miki
建檔單位
台灣太魯閣族語言文化資產教育學會
參考資料
台灣太魯閣族語言文化資產教育學會
材質
木頭
尺寸
寬80-90cm, 高25-30cm
使用時機
日常使用
授權狀態
台灣太魯閣族語言文化資產教育學會
本作品已獲得許可CC BY-NC 4.0